Bovine ovary concentrate

Bovine ovary concentrate

Capsule. This chapter provides an overview of our present understanding of ovarian function in cattle, with emphasis on the dynamics and control of follicular and luteal gland development. Sheep Trachea Powder. About the product. These hormones are secreted by the ovaries in response to some hormones initially Jan 1, 2022 · Bovine models for ovary-related research can benefit human health and livestock animal industries simultaneously, thus representing a win-win for multiple stakeholders and a practical point when seeking funding from federal, state, user-group, and corporate agencies. Made In The USA under strict guidelines for purity and safety. One ovary has a large follicle Figure 8. The risk of sterility goes up the longer you use BO, or any other supplement for NBE actually. One way is through the use of phytoestrogens, which are plant extracts. The resulting extracts were chromatographed on paper and the isolated compounds identified by: (1) mobility on paper, (2) formation of derivatives and (3) ultra-violet and sulfuric acid spectra. For the former both time-response and dose-response data were obtained, for the latter time-response data only. PMGs contain a unique profile of nucleotides and peptides from bovine ovary, adrenal, pituitary, and thyroid. Figure 10. 1% [ 13, 17] or from 6% to 30% [ 30, 45] with peak incidences between the interval of 14 and 40 days postpartum [ 25, 46, 50, 95 ]. The expression of apelin and APJ has been recorded Ovex contains a proprietary Cytosol™ extract blend that includes bovine ovary Cytosol™ extract. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. This gland will then stimulate the production of growth hormones and prolactin. Pueraria Mirifica, on the other hand, is a herbal medicine that provides an extra hormone of high potency. Other Ingredients: Cellulose, calcium stearate, ascorbic acid, and modi­fied tapioca starch. When the natural ovarian hormones don’t work at their optimum level, then the libido and fertility are expected to decrease. Bovine Ovaries are praised for increasing Aromatase in men Ovex provides a synergistic blend of nutrients for ovarian support. Proteins and peptides. The bovine estrous cycle. Apr 4, 2023 · Androgens are essential in normal ovarian function and follicle health, but hyperandrogenism, as seen in polycystic ovary syndrome, is associated with disordered follicle development. Sep 8, 2017 · It's important to order mushroom products that are dual extracted because there are both fat soluble (extracted in alcohol) and water soluble (extracted by boiling for long periods of time) nutrients in mushrooms. Ovatrophin PMG ® Supports Healthy Ovary Function The ovaries secrete hormones called estrogens and progestins SOR, Inc. Feb 19, 2018 · Abstract and Figures. Others have been suggested, but none appears to be satisfactorily Sep 13, 2019 · The purpose of this study was to identify the expression of CIRBP on different cell populations in adult bovine ovary and testicle. Ovarian bloom is a specially formulated female fertility supplement to support egg, ovarian, ovulatory, fallopian, and uterine health. Upjohn, a well-known drug company, was in fact manufacturing adrenal glandular extracts right up until the late 1950’s in America. Shipped Discreetly! BOVINE OVARY EXTRACT . Serving Size: 1 Tablet Supplement Facts Amount per Serving %DV Calories 1 Calcium 20 mg 2%… 161 mg bovine tissue concentrates from; 161 mg of bovine tissue concentrates from; 231 mg tissue concentrate; 235 mg tissue concentrate; 72 mg of tissue concentrates; 81 mg of bovine tissue concentrates from; Argentina bovine; Argentinian bovine; Bos taurus; Bovine; Bovine origin; Bovine ovary cytos Show more Sheep Red Blood Cells Powder. Many of the pioneering glandular researchers [42] prefer ruminant source (bovine {cow}, goat, or ovine {sheep}) glandulars to glandulars from other animals for many reasons: Aug 26, 2015 · 26-08-2015, 04:06 PM. It lifts and firms breasts, stimulates cell renewals, strengthens the skin and improves its elasticity. Things like breast tissue, sterility, and shrinkage can be risks though. Each tablet supplies approximately: 125 mg bovine ovary PMG™ extract. Live and dead tissue slices were grossly examined for angiogenesis characterized by the movement of avian blood vessels towards the graft on days 1, 3 and 5 of CAM culture. Warning: Keep out of reach of children. Experts discuss potential benefits and risks. That's why I like the tea blends because the powder contains both. Jan 11, 2021 · 1mg Saw palmetto. The most important thing you should know is that the results of Bovine Ovary are permanent. May 7, 2011 · There are two types of supplements men can use to induce male breast enlargement. Ovary, Uterus and Mammary Bovine Glandular Capsules Feminizing Three Pack for Crossdressing and Trans-Women. Nov 5, 2011 · The highest quality 100% raw uterus pills. Other Ingredients: Calcium lactate, cellulose, and calcium stearate. Cell-specific expression of GHR is observed during the ovarian cycle [41, 67]. Scrotal circumference (SC) is the most common method to assess testicular size; it varies among individual bulls and breeds and is highly heritable. Each Serving Size (1 Tablet) contains: Calcium 20 mg, Sodium 15 mg. If these pills convert your pituitary gland to produce estrogen. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional. Itching or skin rash (mild) Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. Blister like follicles on the ovaries. Ovine, Bovine, and Goat. After six months of treatment, P. In a small clinical trial, postmenopausal study participants were given placebo or 20, 30, or 50 milligrams of P. She told me to take 4 pills at bed time and I didn't really feel comfortable taking that many. Thereafter, a short overview of the various in vitro models for the study of follicular dynamics is presented. To improve female fertility, it is necessary . Rank No. Swanson’s Raw Ovarian Glandular was developed as a glandular product of full value to meet your expectations and needs. Phone. Bovine Ovarian Glandular is used to balance hormones, nourish ovaries and boost estrogen. The general rule of thumb is that breasts become permanent at around six months and generally have reached their potential cup size by the end of a year or so. com. One of the primary benefits of Bovine Ovary Supplement is its ability to support hormonal balance. While phytoestrogens mimic the effect of estrogen on the male body, bovine ovary products Mar 18, 2024 · Background It is well described that circulating progesterone (P4) plays a key role in several reproductive events such as oocyte maturation. No soy products or estrogenic herbs are to be consumed during BO use. 33/Count) FREE delivery May 24 - 31. [6] Bovine ovary PMG extract Calcium lactate, bovine ovary Cytosol™ extract, magnesium citrate, and mixed tocopherols (soy). (1) can someone please explain why a male wouldn't want to take bovine ovary pills. Enquiry. Supports healthy ovarian functioning Helps balance female hormones Contains Cytosol™ extract from bovine ovary, calcium, magnesium, and vitamin C† Introduced in 1953 Content Product # 90 Tablets 6600 Suggested Use: One tablet per meal, or as directed. Sheep Thyroid Powder. Mar 23, 2023 · Symplex® F Ingredients: Magnesium citrate, bovine ovary PMG™ extract, bovine adrenal PMG™ extract, bovine pituitary PMG™ extract, and bovine thyroid PMG™ extract (processed to substantially remove its thyroxine) Other Ingredients: Calcium lactate, cellulose, and calcium stearate. Please consult the product packaging label for the most accurate product information. Pure Bovine Ovary Glandular,Capsule,Cream, 90 Count SAVE $5. Apr 21, 2016 · In the bovine ovary, GH protein in follicular fluid is detected in estrogen-active dominant follicles and in preovulatory follicles . 001) in cows with cystic ovarian disease than in control animals in postpartum anestrus or during the normal estrous cycle. Asthma/Respiratory . 200 mg. The most potent of the estrogens is the hormone estradiol, and the most important progestin is progesterone. Unlike pueraria mirifica, there are no scientific studies dealing with bovine ovary extract. S. Thus, the fetal ovary can perform most, if not all, of the conversions observed for the adult bovine ovary and establishes the pres- ence of a 16 a An investigation of the carotenoids from a bovine ovary extract has revealed the presence of three Porter-Lincoln pathway intermediates of which beta-zeacarotene is previously unreported. The main purpose of BO is to reactivate the working of growth hormones of the body. Analysis using spectrophotometric and chemical tests reveals beta-zeacarotene (2. Hormonal Balance. mirifica might help bone health during menopause. Ovex contains a proprietary Cytosol™ extract blend that includes bovine ovary Cytosol™ extract. 14. Sheep Tendons Powder. It’ll actually be worse for you than not taking it. 11 microgram/g), and beta-carotene (27 It contains Bovine Ovary, Adrenal, Pituitary, and Thyroid extracts (with thyroxine removed). Egg and cumulus mass are transported into oviduct by hair-like structures. Precautions. *. This concept is used in case of Bovine Ovary breast enlargement technique as well. Raw Bovine Uterus Glandular 100 Capsules for Hormonal Support. Simply Raw Uterus Glandular for Women's Health. ) and horse pituitary extract has been studied both quantitatively and qualitatively. In fact, others in the natural breast enhancement forums have shared that they have reached out to Swanson’s and have been told their bovine ovary is basically mystery meat! Ovex contains a proprietary Cytosol™ extract blend that includes bovine ovary Cytosol™ extract. M. Serving Size: 1 Tablet Supplement Facts Amount per Serving… Other enlightened doctors worked out that one of the best treatments for those with Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency) was to give the patient a bovine adrenal gland extract. Our Simply Raw line of bovine glands: Ovary, Mammary, Uterus and Fem Plus Glandular Formula target and support glands weakened by our modern lifestyle, bringing your body back into balance, naturally. BO is really no more permanent than something like PM. Cross section of bovine ovary with corpus luteum. Sold through health care professionals. Evening (at least 2 hours after a meal) 1 mg Bovine Ovary. Simply Raw Ovary Glandular for Women's Health. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Find. One of the reasons why Bicalutamide is so praised for being used in Monotherapy is that is does not block free testosterone, and in turn Aromatase enzymes can convert it into estrogen, thus raising E levels. No Data, Some Concern . Ovex® Provides Ovarian Tissue Support Questions about Bicalutamide Mono therapy, Bovine Ovaries, and Aromatase. This chapter is about the reproductive physiology of females and males of the bovine species, and the main differences between Bos taurus taurus and Bos taurus indicus In vitro studies show that estrogens can arise in the bovine adrenal, ovary, and placenta from (a) acetate, (b) cholesterol, (c) progesterone, or (d) neutral C 19 - and C 18 - steroids. Provides uniquely derived nucleoprotein-mineral extracts that support cellular health Combines bovine ovary PMG™ extract, magnesium, and calcium† Introduced in 1953 Content Product # 90 Tablets 6550 Suggested Use: One tablet per meal, or as directed. 00 ON OUR TWO BOTTLE PACK of the purest raw ovary to Jan 1, 2014 · The objective is to briefly review bovine testes and how they are assessed, with an emphasis on articles from Theriogenology. Or fastest delivery Thu, May 23. russell@nzbovinepharma. By providing the body with natural hormones, it can help regulate the menstrual cycle, reduce PMS symptoms, and alleviate symptoms of hormonal imbalances such as mood swings, hot flashes, and irregular periods. Next, the different stages in the development from primordial to pre-antral follicle are discussed. The ovary is the primary female reproductive organ and has two important functions: producing the female reproductive cell (the egg or ovum) and producing the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Dose / Suggested Use: One tablet per meal, or as directed. 2, don’t bother with BO it won’t work. if u tried BO before , whats ur result? and routine ( herbs combo and how many pills a day) 3. Each tablet supplies approximately: 120 mg bovine ovary Cytosol™ extract. Take one tablet per meal, or as directed. In general, a large SC is associated with early puberty, more sperm, a Jun 15, 2011 · Yes, your breast size should be permanent, especially after two years of taking the bovine ovary extract. #6. Composition: The Swanson Ovarian Glandular pills comprise of ovarian tissue which is derived from porcine or bovine sources. The protein content in bovine colostrum is 15%, much higher than the 3% found in Supports healthy ovarian functioning. The pills are to be taken on an empty stomach and the ideal is to let one or two hours pass between any food intake and the pill. •Bovine Ovary Extract - There are no published studies of the safety or effectiveness of bovine ovary extract in humans. Adrenal glands make certain hormones. Herbals, yoga, accupunctureshare your experiences, and ask your questions! Aug 22, 2014 · Summary This chapter provides an overview of our present understanding of ovarian function in cattle, with emphasis on the dynamics and control of follicular and luteal gland development. 90 Capsules, 165 mg of pure Ovarian Concentrate in each capsule. Function: It helps to rebuild and regenerate the bodily tissues. Answers. Nutrients & Ingredients Each Serving Size (1 Tablet) contains: C. 7% to 15. So, it does work, and not as slowly as some claim…at least in my case. Name. Jan 20, 2021 · The ovaries were transported to the laboratory at 4 °C within 1 h. However, during diestrus, when circulating P4 is at the highest concentrations, little is known about its local impact on the follicular cells such as intrafollicular P4 concentration due to corpus luteum (CL) presence within the same ovary. Helps balance female hormones. Whats the diff between bovine ovary and bovine uterus 5. 1. $7000 ($23. Manufactures however claim that the extracts from this herb act on pituitary gland. If someone is undergoing transition from male to female with the assistance of a medical professional, she would usually be prescribed some form of hormone therapy among other things. IE 11 is not supported. The second means is through the use of bovine ovary products which are extracts made from cow ovaries. Aug 25, 2011 · Bovine Ovary is preferably taken together with Kelp (iodine) and added protein. This ingredient is not currently on EWG's Restricted or Unacceptable Lists. SIMPLY RAW OVARIAN GLANDULAR for women’s hormonal support. Jan 20, 2010 · This review article commences with a description of the embryogenesis of the ovary and follicles. I looked up the drawbacks of bovine extracts and now I'm scared. It can be taken Feb 16, 2024 · Bovine colostrum, the nutrient-rich milk produced by cows after giving birth, is the latest supplement trend. Shipped discreetly from the web's most trusted name in cross dressing supplements. Each Serving Size (1 Tablet) contains: Vitamin C 2 mg. When the glandular substance is administered externally to a woman, it stimulates the growth of corresponding glad. These claims have yet to be verified though. Additionally, it maximizes the gland’s potential to break down all food types for energy production and increase the rate of protein synthesis in most tissues. Multivitamins and. Nutrients &amp; Ingredients Each Serving Si Nutrients & Ingredients. They were decellularized with the same method of SDS-T-A group, which had the best results in the bovine ovary. The response of the bovine ovary to single subcutaneous injections of pregnant mares' serum (p. SLIM EXTREME Bust Serum is a concentrated formula intended for daily care for delicate breast. Can BO help in fat distribution on the hips and maybe widen pelvic bone 4. Back in 1930, several key factors made glandulars one of the main natural products for promoting excellent health: there were more than enough materials for their production, compelling evidence was provided for their safety May 25, 2016 · I would take 4 bovine ovary, 4 lactoferrin, 4 prilosec otc, I'd give you as well 2 soy lecithin the main ingredient in prometrium progesterone as well as injections of 200mgs progynon, 150mgs depot provera an also suggest 1200 mgs licorice root an 100mgs b-1 I'd also tell you to get on a combination of a diabetic an Mediterranean diet an I'd have you medicated for 2 yrs while we also did Since bovine ovary is derived from the cows, so the quality of cows is an important factor that must be taken into consideration. Quantitative estimates from ultra-violet spectra indicated 4. Cameron Russell Director +64 21 306 665 cameron. OKay I will spell everything out. Kelp, can substitute L-tyrosine: if your temp isn’t in the “zone” 98. Tissue fixation and histological analysis Jan 5, 2015 · However, this is not the main reason for my 1-star review. Aug 18, 2020 · The incidence of ovarian cysts in dairy cattle may vary from 2. What is actually BO ? I heard its like something that makes u have second - puberty? 2. People use the extract as a medicine. Recommendation: As a dietary supplement take 1-3 capsules daily until desired effect is achieved. Estrone, 17 β -estradiol, and 17 α -estradiol have been unequivocally identified in the cow. Bovine Ovary is a very potent way to naturally grow male breasts, but there are a few things you should know before beginning this route to male breast enlargement. Based on The Bovine ovary works by slowly stimulating the pituitary glands of the body that acts as a hormonal regulator. Reply. Containing Bovine Ovary PMŒ Extract, Calcium Lactate, and Magnesium Citrate The ovaries secrete hormones called estrogens and progestins. New Zealand Bovine Pharma. The problem is that if you have both in your system, they compete for the receptor (if they actually worked) and if they bind instead of estrogen you get less effects then normal estradiol. Over the course of 3 or 4 weeks I've taken one or two a few nights a week. Bovine ovary PMG™ extract and magnesium citrate. Bio-estrogen cream (wild yam) that I massage into my breasts. mirifica was linked to lower bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels. Human ovarian pieces were prepared in the same way as the bovine ovary. edwards@nzbovinepharma. The cow's two ovaries are oval to bean-shaped organs that are 1—1. Raw Bovine Ovarian Glandular 90 Capsules for Hormonal Support. Suggested Use: One tablet per meal, or as directed. Genesis Biolab draws quality raw materials from selected BSE-free New Zealand bovine (cattle) and ovine (sheep) sources collected largely in our own facilities, and processes them in a NZFSA/MAF, USDA, and EU approved sanitary environment. Hi ! im new here , i have some questions about BO ( bovine ovary): 1. Importantly, ovary development and morphology are closely related to the fecundity of females; for example, young non-pregnant cows with larger ovaries were found to have a higher number of follicular and oocyte masses [6]. Serving Size: 1 Tablet Amount Per ServingVitamin C 2mg Proprietary Blend 355mg Calcium lactate, bovine ovary Cytosol™ extract, magnesium citrate, and d-alpha tocopherol (vitamin The bovine fetal ovary is capable of 17 ~- and 16 a-hydroxylation, 20 a-reduction, and side- chain cleavage of progesterone, as well as 17 fl-reduction and aromatization of androstene- dione (113). Proprietary Blend 355 mg: Calcium lactate, bovine ovary Cytosol™ extract, magnesium citrate, and d-alpha tocopherol (vitamin E sunflower). Other Ingredients: Cellulose, calcium stearate, ascorbic acid, and gum acacia. 1 mg PM. Cytosol extracts contain a unique profile of nucleotides and peptides from bovine ovary. Figure 9. Skin becomes more elastic and taught every day, the breasts are more I opted for BO (1000 mg) with a few add-ons, like PM, 1000mg daily, Volufine serum for massaging my girls, and a bio-identical estrogen cream, not only for the girls, but to put to rest…the boys. Sheep Serum Powder. These two basic breast enhancement pills May 12, 2023 · In human uses, bovine colostrum is good for maintaining health and preventing disease. Jul 5, 2023 · By facilitating the building blocks needed for proper thyroid gland function, this PMG extract added to Symplex F can maintain thyroid gland function. It is extremely unlikely that the doctor would prescribe bovine ovary pills (BO) as part of that process, because there are prescription medications that Jul 14, 2023 · Ovex (with bovine-extracted PMGs), as well as Ovex P (with porcine-extracted PMGs), is one of the solutions offered by Standard Process for a variety of female hormone-related issues. Neither New Zealand nor Argentina has ever had a case of BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) nor scrapie, a similar disease found in sheep [38-42]. Apr 21, 2019 · Using the premise, "Like Heals Like", glandular therapy has been used for hundreds of years to regulate female specific hormones. Unlike the other herbs discussed here, websites selling the product say that bovine ovary extract stimulates the pituitary gland resulting in an increase in prolactin and growth hormone levels. Serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations were of the same magnitude as in control cows during their estrous cycles. 2. Keywords: chest feminization, gender affirmation, transwomen. SLIM EXTREME 3D Super-Concentrated Modelling Bust Serum -TOTAL PUSH-UP EFFECT. 3 Piece Assortment. Ovatrophin PMG supports healthy ovary function. Oct 19, 2016 · Pure Ovary Concentrate in every capsule. May 1, 2021 · Ovary is the female gonad and the source of germ cells such as oocytes [5]. On the other hand, the GHR gene was expressed in the granulosa cells, thecal cells and luteal cells of the bovine ovary [41, 67]. Ingredients: Raw Uterus Concentrate (Bovine) Aug 25, 2011 · Bovine Ovary is preferably taken together with Kelp (iodine) and added protein. Glandular powders. Figure 7. Early Afternoon: (empty stomach) 1 mg Bovine Ovary. Keep out of reach of children. Mar 9, 2018 · Bovine ovarian cortical slices (9 live and 2 dead per ovary) were gently placed in the CAM using sterile microsurgical forceps (1 slice per egg). The benefits of Cytosol have been proven by numerous tests. Apr 21, 2019 · Bovine Ovarian Glandular is used to balance hormones, nourish ovaries and boost estrogen. Different breast enhancement supplements are there which have included the bovine ovary in the list of their ingredients, but it is not sure yet as for how these companies extract the bovine ovary from these cows. Please consult the product packaging label for the most Oct 4, 2021 · Creating a female breast from natal male chest anatomy poses significant challenges; the sexual dimorphism requires a different approach than that used in cisgender breast augmentation. 14 micrograms/g), alpha-carotene (0. Although you may continue growing after the first year. Sheep Spleen Powder. Some studies have also reported that up to 70% of the ovarian cysts occur between days 16 and 50 after calving, with the highest occurrence Each Serving Size (1 Tablet) contains: Vitamin C 2 mg. Dec 1, 2023 · The right ovary of each cow was left as a control, while the left ovary was injected with 5 mL of PRP (at a concentration of 1 × 109 platelets/mL). of progesterone and 0. Cytosol, more commonly known as intercellular liquid, is the main ingredient in Ovex and Ovex P. Contains Cytosol™ extract from bovine ovary*. It is arranged, more-or-less, in a chronological order, beginning with fetal ovarian development and follicle assembly, early folliculogenesis and oogenesis Feb 1, 2023 · In the human ovary, the apelin and APJ expression was detected in granulosa cells, cumulus cells, oocytes, and theca cells of the ovarian follicles [27]. As a result, the breasts of the woman become fuller and bigger. I would like to enquire about May 3, 2021 · Summary. mirifica daily. If you’re still playing around with the idea of maybe growing breasts, this product is several things happening. SIMPLY RAW OVARIAN GLANDULAR for women's hormonal support. After 9 days, the corpus luteum and ovarian follicular status were detected and superovulation was induced with 1000 international units (IU) of a commercial gonadotropin preparation (Gn) (500 IU Jun 7, 2024 · According to a review, P. Elite Ingredients supplies nutraceutical powders, liquids, oils, tablets using all natural top quality bulk herbs and botanical extracts with raw ingredients. Proprietary Blend 135 mg: Magnesium citrate, bovine ovary PMG™ extract, bovine adrenal PMG™ extract, bovine pituitary PMG™ extract, and bovine thyroid PMG™ extract (processed to substantially remove its thyroxine). There are few data on the effect of long-term exposure to high levels of testosterone as found in transgender men receiving gender-affirming endocrine therapy. FOOTER. Tissues were obtained from healthy slaughtered animals (non Incidence not known. Edit Message Delete Message Lock Thread Respond to this message Bovine serum estradiol-17 beta concentrations were higher (p < 0. We make and sell only 100% pure whole tissue freeze-dried (lyophilized) glandular products. Adrenal extract is a chemical that is made from the adrenal glands of slaughtered cows, pigs, and sheep. Most pressing is that this product has no information as to where the bovine ovaries in this formula were obtained. Your hormone levels won't be permanently female after 6 months use, like some sites claim. Sep 27, 2012 · Glandular therapy works on the concept of “like cures like”. 79 μg- of Δ 4 -pregnene-20β-ol-3-one per gram of ovarian Symplex F, a supplement for women’s health, contains a proprietary Protomorphogen™ blend. So they act as partial agonist competitive antagonists when you’re on E. Sheep Thymus Powder. Good luck! Xoxo. Fertility Support. Email. The results regarding the expression of apelin and APJ in CL are similar to those reported in the corpus luteum of the bovine ovary [25]. Our Simply Raw line of bovine glands: Ovary, Mammary, Uterus, and Fem Plus Glandular Formula target and support glands weakened by our modern lifestyle, bringing your body back into balance, naturally. Nutrients &amp; Ingredients Each Serving Size (1 Tablet) contains: Vitamin C 2 mg. Use alone or in conjunction with other female glandulars. In 4 months the transition has been profound. 5 inches long and located in the abdominal cavity. (2) are bovine ovary pills safe for men to take if they want to produce there own estrogen with out the side effects such as strokes etc Nutrients & Ingredients Each Serving Size (1 Tablet) contains: Vitamin C 2 mg. 33 μg. The options and techniques used continue to evolve as experience in this field grows. Brandon Edwards Director +64 27 967 0711 brandon. aw fs by gc gd ss vl wy ad kq